In these patients, excessive growth of the synovium is part of an abnormal immune response, where the body misidentifies its own natural cartilage as a foreign substance that must be attacked.Ĭartilage loss eventually damages the joint surface and leads to the stiffness and pain characteristic of all types of arthritis. However, synovitis is also common in people who have some form of inflammatory arthritis. In an active, healthy person, the most common cause of synovitis is overuse of the joint, for example in athletes or people whose jobs involve repetitive stress movement such as lifting or squatting. Contained inside both layers is synovial fluid, a viscous liquid that lubricates the joint to reduce friction on the articular cartilage during motion.
It is composed of a tough, outer layer called the fibrous stratum and a soft inside layer (the synovium). The synovium, which is also sometimes called the stratum synoviale or synovial stratum, is connective tissue that lines the inside of the joint capsule.Ī joint capsule, also called an articular capsule, is a bubble-like structure that surrounds joints such as the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hand, knee, foot and ankle. Synovitis (or synovial inflammation) is when the synovium of a joint becomes inflamed (swollen).
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